Central Eurasia on the Path to Political and Economic Transformation

All the CEA countries are in the process of political and economic transit, that is, in a transition period from one socioeconomic and sociocultural system to another. The transformation of their political and economic systems and modernization of society as a whole require exerted efforts from all strata of society, as well as the presence of certain prerequisites: (a) civil consent in society, and consent among the elites and various political forces; (b) a consolidating national idea; (c) retention of state control over the changes going on and prevention of acute social conflicts and armed clashes; (d) rapid growth of the middle class; and (e) sufficient economic and human resources.

It is presumed that all the countries of the region have the above-mentioned prerequisites for transforming and modernizing society as a whole. But the dynamics for carrying out these processes and the results achieved on the way to transformation have their own special features in each country.

The Special Features of Political Transformation

Building national statehood and forming a democratic social system were declared as the goals of the political transit in all the republics of the region. For several reasons, this transformation has been and still is an arduous process. In the first half of the 1990s, several countries of the region were caught up in the turmoil of ethnic, territorial, and other conflicts. As of the present, some of these conflicts have been favorably resolved (Tajikistan), or are frozen (Azerbaijan, Georgia), or relative stability has been preserved exclusively due to the efforts of the world community (Afghanistan). At the moment, relative stability has nevertheless been reached in the region, or at least the hot phase of…………..

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