ACCULTURATION OF ARMENIANS IN RUSSIA: ROLE OF SOCIAL IDENTITIES AND DIASPORA ACTIVITY
Keywords:
acculturation, ethnic, regional, Russian national identity, diaspora activity, Armenians, RussiaAbstract
The Armenian diaspora is one of the largest in Russia and in the world. The Armenians living in the Krasnodar Territory are a large and active group, thus, an investigation into the problem of their acculturation is of scientific and practical importance. Based on the theory of social identity, the theory of acculturation, and the regional socio-cultural context, the study focused on the role of ethnic, regional and Russian national (civic) identities and diaspora activity in the acculturation of the Armenians in the Krasnodar Territory. The study used the scales from the MIRIPS project questionnaire (Mutual Intercultural Relations in Plural Societies). The sample consisted of 181 respondents. Using structural equation modeling, the ethnic and Russian national identities of the Armenians living in the Krasnodar Territory were revealed as factors that contributed to their integration, and regional identity—as factors that fostered assimilation. Diaspora activity was determined by both ethnic and regional identity and predicted the Armenians’ attitudes towards integration and separation. Also, diaspora activity of the Armenians in the Kuban region facilitated the interconnection of ethnic and regional identities with the separation strategy. In general, the study revealed that all identities (ethnic, regional and Russian national) contribute to a certain degree to the acceptance of the host society culture by the Armenians in the Krasnodar Territory. At the same time, diaspora activity can be an effective mechanism for the adaptation of migrants or a source of problems associated with increased impenetrability of diaspora’s borders, the migrants’ exclusive focus on their ethnic group and their decreased desire for sociocultural integration into the host society. It is important to take this into account when shaping the regional interethnic relations policy.
Downloads
References
See: R. Brubaker, “The ‘Diaspora’ Diaspora,” Ethnic and Racial Studies, Vol. 28, No. 1, 2005, pp. 1-19, available at [Doi: http://doi.org/10.1080/0141987042000289997]; R. Cohen, Global Diasporas: An Introduction, University of Washington Press, Seattle, 1997, 240 pp., available at [Doi: http://doi.org/10.2307/591321].
See: V. Diatlov, “Armiane Rossii: diasporalnye strategii integratsii,” 21 Vek, Vol. 2, No. 6, 2007, pp. 60-70.
See: Armenia’s Diaspora—Its Role and Influence, Foreign & Commonwealth Office U.K. Report, 2014, available at [www.gov.uk/government/publications/armenias-diaspora-its-role-andinfluence].
See: O.B. Leontieva, L.G. Mkrtchian, “Armianskaia diaspora Rossii: sovremennye podkhody k izucheniu,” Vestnik Samarskogo universiteta. Istoria, pedagogika,
See: E. Minasian, “O roli armianskoy diaspory v otnosheniiakh mezhdu Rossiyskoy Federatsiey i Respublikoy Armeniia: sotsialno-ekonomicheskie i kulturnye sviazi,” Chelovechesky kapital, Vol. 6, No. 138, 2020, pp. 29-37, available at [DOI: 10.25629/HC.2020.06.04].
See: O.B. Leontieva, L.G. Mkrtchian, op. cit.
See: A.S. Berberian, O.R. Tuchina, “Issledovanie natsionalnoy identichnosti i istoricheskogo opyta lichnosti v titulnom armianskom etnose i sopriazhennoy armianskoy diaspore v Rossii,” Rossiyskiy psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, No. 2, 2018,
pp. 190-214.
See: A.V. Dmitriyev, V.V. Voronov, E.A. Mikhaylova, “Prognoznoe modelirovanie mezhetnicheskikh otnosheniy v rossiyskikh regionakh na osnove analiza identifikatsionnykh strategiy diaspornykh i zemliacheskikh grupp,” Monitoring obshchestvennogo mneniia: ekonomicheskie i sotsialnye peremeny, No. 6, 2017, pp. 97-124, available at [DOI: 10.14515/moni- toring.2017.6.06].
See: H. Tajfel, J.C. Turner, “The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior,” in: Psychology of Intergroup Relation, ed. by S. Worchel, W.G. Austin, Hall Publishers, Chicago, 1986, pp. 7-24.
See: B. Simon, S. Sturmer, K. Ste lective Identification in AIDS-Volunteerism,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 26, 2000, pp. 497-506.
See: M. Bilewicz, A. Wojcik, “Does Identification Predict Community Involvement? Exploring Consequences of Social Identification Among the Jewish Minority in Poland,” Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 20, 2009, pp. 72-79, available at [DOI: 10.1002/casp.1012].
See: S. Martinez Damia, D. Marzana, S. Alfieri, M. Pozzi, E. Marta, M.L. Martinez, “Psychological and Structural Barriers to Immigrant Community Participation: The Experience of Peruvians in Santiago de Chile,” American Journal of Community Psychology, 2020, pp. 1-14, available at [https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12472].
G.P. Ferenchuk, “Armianskaia diaspora i kultura formirovania rossiyskoy identichnosti,” in: Armiane Iuga Rossii: istoria, kultura, obshchee budushchee. Materialy Vserossiyskoy nauchnoy konferentsii, Rostov-on-Don, 2012, available at [https://armeniansite.ru/armyanskie-diaspory/82-armyanskaya-diaspora-i-kultura-formirovaniya-rossijskoj-identichnosti. html].
See: V.V. Konstantinov, M.V. Vershinina, “Vzaimosviaz etnicheskoy identichnosti migrantov-armian i usloviy ikh prozhivania v prinimaiushchem soobshchestve,” Psychological Journal, Vol. 35, No. 1, 2014, pp. 71-79.
See: A.V. Dmitriyev, V.V. Voronov, E.A. Mikhaylova, op. cit.
See: J.W. Berry, J.S. Phinney, D.L. Sam, P. Vedder, “Immigrant Youth: Acculturation, Identity, and Adaptation,” Applied Psychology, Vol. 55, 2006, pp. 303-332; K. Liebkind, T.A.E. Mähönen, S.A. Varjonen, I. Jasinskaja-Lahti, “Acculturation and Identity,” in: Cambridge Handbook of Acculturation Psychology, ed. by D.L. Sam, J.W. Berry, 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2016, pp. 30-49, available at [Doi:10.1017/ CBO9781316219218.004].
See: J.W. Berry, Mutual Intercultural Relations, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2017.
See: J. Georgas, D. Papastylianou, “Acculturation and Ethnic Identity: The Remigration of Ethnic Greeks to Greece,” in: Key Issues in Cross-Cultural Psychology, ed. by H. Grad, A. Blanco, J. Georgas, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, Netherlands, 1998, pp. 114-127; A. Portes, R.G. Rumbaut, Immigrant America: A Portrait, 3rd edition, University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 2006.
See: T.A. Ryabichenko, N.M. Lebedeva, I.D. Plotka, “Mnozhestvennye identichnosti, akkulturatsiia i adaptatsiia russkikh v Latvii i Gruzii,” Kulturno-istoricheskaia psikhologia, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2019, pp. 54-64, available at [Doi: 10.17759/ chp.2019150206].
See: C. Ward, S. Fox, J. Wilson, J. Stuart, L. Kus, “Contextual Influences on Acculturation Processes: The Roles of Family, Community and Society,” Psychological Studies, Vol. 55, No. 1, 2010, pp. 26-34, available at [https://doi.org/10.1007/ s12646-010-0003-8].
See: V.V. Konstantinov, M.V. Babayeva, “Transformatsia etnicheskoy identichnosti migrantov-armian, vovlechennykh i ne vovlechennykh v deiatelnost natsionalno-kulturnoy avtonomii,” Vestnik RUDN, Series Psikhologia and Pedagogika, Vol. 17, No. 1, 2020, pp. 128-142, available at [DOI 10.22363/2313-1683-2020-17-1-128-142].
See: N.M. Lebedeva, A.N. Tatarko, Strategii mezhkulturnogo vzaimodeystvia migrantov i naselenia Rossii, Collection of scientific articles, RUDN, Moscow, 2009, pp. 10-63.
See: A.S. Berberian, O.R. Tuchina, op. cit.
See: V.V. Konstantinov, M.V. Vershinina, op. cit.; M. Bilewicz, A. Wojcik, op. cit.
See: J. Georgas, D. Papastylianou, op. cit.
See: T.A. Ryabichenko, N.M. Lebedeva, I.D. Plotka, op. cit.
See: V.V. Konstantinov, M.V. Babayeva, op. cit.
See: V.V. Konstantinov, M.V. Vershinina, op. cit.
See: Armenia’s Diaspora—Its Role and Influence.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Author
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
