Improving College Students' Learning Performance in Computer Programming: The Case of Using the Polya Model
Keywords:
Programming Algorithms, Programming, Polya Model, teaching and learning, HOTS, problem-solving skills.Abstract
Many studies have shown that students with poor problem-solving skills are prone to failing programming courses. To help mitigate this problem, several problem-solving methods have been recommended, including the Polya Model. Therefore, this study aims to determine the impact of this model on matriculation college students’ performances in learning programming algorithms. A quasi-experimental study with pre-test post-test research design was conducted to assess the performances in programming algorithm among a group of 30 college students, who were selected using the random sampling method. They were assigned into an experimental group and a control group who underwent an intervention treatment that lasted for seven weeks on two groups of students: control and treatment. The experimental and control groups learned programming algorithms using the Polya Model and conventional method, respectively. The research instrument used for the pre-test and post-test consisted of six subjective questions with three levels of difficulty based on Bloom’s taxonomy. Descriptive statistics and a series of t-tests were used to analyze the data. The results of the t-test showed that there was a significant difference in the mean scores of the post-test measurements between the two groups, which favored the experimental group, especially for questions with a higher level of difficulty. This finding suggests that the Polya Model is an effective problem-solving technique that programming students need to learn to help improve their performances in learning programming algorithms at the collegiate level.
Downloads
References
Omar, R., et al., Comparison of visual aids for improving reading performance in children with dyslexia. Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation in optometry, 2021. 2(2): p. 85-93.DOI: https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry130.
Kanika, S. Chakraverty, and P. Chakraborty, Tools and techniques for teaching computer programming: A review. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 2020. 49(2): p. 170-198.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239520926971.
Ubaidullah, N.H., et al., Improving Novice Students’ Computational Thinking Skills by Problem- Solving and Metacognitive Techniques. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 2021. 20(6).DOI: https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20.6.5.
Kaptiningrum, P. and Z. Mubarok, Efektifitas program matrikulasi bahasa untuk meningkatkan kemampuan speaking mahasiswa STAIBN tegal. SHAHIH: Journal of Islamicate Multidisciplinary, 2016. 1(2): p. 149-165.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22515/shahih.v1i2.460.
Goldstein, P.A., C. Storey-Johnson, and S. Beck, Facilitating the initiation of the physician’s professional identity: Cornell’s urban semester program. Perspectives on medical education, 2014. 3(6): p. 492-499.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-014-0151-y.
Kaptiningrum, P. and Z. Mubarok, The effectiveness of the language matriculation program to improve the speaking skills of STAIBN Tegal students. SHAHIH: Journal of Islamicate Multidisciplinary, 2016. 1(2): p. 149-165.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22515/shahih.v1i2.460.
Chinedu, C.C., O.S. Olabiyi, and Y. Kamin, Strategies for improving higher order thinking skills in teaching and learning of design and technology education, 7(2), 35-43. 2015.
Talib, N., et al., Integrating technological pedagogical and content knowledge in computer programming courses: Issues and challenges. Journal of Advanced Research Design, 2016. 27(1): p. 1-15.
Fluck, A., et al., Arguing for computer science in the school curriculum. Journal of educational technology & society, 2016. 19(3): p. 38-46.
Sun, D., et al., Three contrasting pairs’ collaborative programming processes in China’s secondary education. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2021. 59(4): p. 740-762.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0735633120973430.
Vasilopoulos, I.V. and P. Van Schaik, Koios: Design, development, and evaluation of an educational visual tool for Greek novice programmers. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2019. 57(5): p. 1227-1259.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0735633118781776.
Malik, S.I. and J. Coldwell-Neilson, A model for teaching an introductory programming course using ADRI. Education and Information Technologies, 2017. 22(3): p. 1089-1120.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-016-9474-0.
Mustika, I.K.A. and P.N. Riastini, Pengaruh model Polya terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas V SD. International Journal of community service learning, 2017. 1(1): p. 31-38.DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/ijcsl.v1i1.11897.
Olaniyan, A.O., E.O. Omosewo, and L.I. Nwankwo, Effect of Polya Problem-Solving Model on Senior Secondary School Students' Performance in Current Electricity. European Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2015. 3(1): p. 97-104.
Prahani, B.K., et al., Effectiveness of physics learning material through guided inquiry model to improve student’s problem solving skills based on multiple representation. International journal of education and research, 2016. 4(12): p. 231-244.
Siozou, S., N. Tselios, and V. Komis, Effect of algorithms’ multiple representations in the context of programming education. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 5(4), 230-243. , 2008.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17415650810930910.
Wang, X.-M. and G.-J. Hwang, A problem posing-based practicing strategy for facilitating students’ computer programming skills in the team-based learning mode. Educational Technology Research and Development, 2017. 65(6): p. 1655-1671.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-017-9551-0.
Polya, G., How to solve it: A new aspect of mathematical method. 2004: Princeton university press.
Rudtin, N.A., Penerapan langkah Polya dalam model problem based instruction untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa menyelesaikan soal cerita persegi panjang. Jurnal Elektronik Pendidikan Matematika Tadulako, 2013. 1(1): p. 18-33.
Kulsum, N.U. and K. Kristayulita, Student Problem Solving Analysis by Step John Dewey Reviewed from Learning Style. IJECA (International Journal of Education and Curriculum Application), 2019. 2(2): p. 20-30.DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/ijeca.v2i2.2102.
Alkhateeb, M.A. and A.M. Al-Duwairi, The Effect of Using Mobile Applications (GeoGebra and Sketchpad) on the Students' Achievement. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 2019. 14(3): p. 523-533.DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/iejme/5754.
Kaviza, M., Motivasi intrinsik dan kemahiran berfikir kritis dalam pembelajaran sejarah berasaskan analisis sumber-sumber teks: Satu kajian faktorial. Jurnal Pendidikan Bitara UPSI, 2020. 13(1): p. 17-26.
Moi, C.S. Application of polya problem solving model in computer programming topic.
Yamashita, K., et al., Classroom practice for understanding pointers using learning support system for visualizing memory image and target domain world. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 2017. 12(1): p. 1-16.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-017-0058-4.
Ivanović, M., et al., Technology enhanced learning in programming courses–international perspective. Education and Information Technologies, 2017. 22(6): p. 2981-3003.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-016-9565-y.
Athreya, B., H and M. Chrystalla, What Is Thinking? In Thinking Skill for Digital Generation: The Development of Thinking and Learning in the Age of Information, pg 25-35, Springer, Switzerland. 2017.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12364-6_3.
Tarman, B. and B. Kuran, Examination of the cognitive level of questions in social studies textbooks and the views of teachers based on bloom taxonomy. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 2015. 15(1).
Tajudin, N.a.M. and M. Chinnappan, The Link between Higher Order Thinking Skills, Representation and Concepts in Enhancing TIMSS Tasks. International Journal of Instruction, 2016. 9(2): p. 199-214.DOI: https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2016.9214a.
Ali, R., A. Akhter, and A. Khan, Effect of using problem solving method in teaching mathematics on the achievement of mathematics students. Asian Social Science, 2010. 6(2): p. 67.DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v6n2p67.
Ismail, S. and A. Atan, Application of problem solving approach in the teaching of technical and vocational subjects in the Faculty of Education UTM. Journal of Educational Psychology and Counseling, 2011. 2(1): p. 113-144.
Grasas, A. and H. Ramalhinho, Teaching distribution planning: a problem-based learning approach. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 2016.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLM-05-2014-0075.
Clarke, E. and J. Visser, Pragmatic research methodology in education: possibilities and pitfalls. International Journal of Research & Method in Education, 2019. 42(5): p. 455-469.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743727X.2018.1524866.
Glover, C.M., et al., The Health Equity Through Aging Research And Discussion (HEARD) Study: A Proposed Two-Phase Sequential Mixed-Methods Research Design To Understand Barriers And Facilitators Of Brain Donation Among Diverse Older Adults: Brain donation decision making among diverse older adults. Experimental aging research, 2020. 46(4): p. 311-322.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0361073X.2020.1747266.
Polya, G., How to solve it second edition,5-18. 1973, Princeton University Press New Jersey.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Author
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
