SOCIOECONOMIC CONTRADICTIONS BETWEEN THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH IN KYRGYZSTAN’S ECONOMIC COMPLEX
Abstract
The regional economic complex should be viewed as an aggregate of interrelated components, each of which has its own clearly defined place and function. “The region’s economic complex is a functioning and, consequently, relatively stable system, while it is also evolving and changing.”1 This article aims to show how Kyrgyzstan’s regional economic complex is distinguished by historically caused contradictions which seriously interfere with the successful development of its economy.
Downloads
References
T.G. Rozanova, Regionalnaia ekonomicheskaia sis-tema, Moscow, 2005, p. 3.
See: N.A. Madaliev, Istoria arkheologicheskogo izucheniia Iuzhnogo Kyrgyzstana (regionalnyy istochnikovedcheskiy analiz), Synopsis of a thesis for a PhD in History, St. Petersburg, 2003.
See: S.K. Kerimbaev, Sovetskiy Kirgizstan v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voyne 1941-1945 gg., Frunze, 1985; E. All-worth, Central Asia. A Century of Russian Rule, Columbia University Press, New York, 1990, p. 57.
See: Iztoria kirgizskoi SSR, Vol. 2, Frunze, 1968, p. 101.
See: M.Kh. Abuseitova, et al., Istoria Kazakhstana i Tsentralnoi Azii, Textbook, Bilim, Almaty, 2001, p. 579.
See: S. Attokurov, Promyshlennost Kirgizii v poslevoennye gody (1946-1955), Frunze, 1975, pp. 77-80.
See: Istoria Kyrgyzstana: XX vek, Textbook for higher educational institutions, Bishkek, 1998.
Quoted from: S. Kozhemiakin, “Lipovaia nezavisimost,” Pravda, 25 May, 2009.
See: Istoria kyrgyzov i Kyrgyzstana, Bishkek, 1999.
See: G. Sitnianskiy, “Evraziyskaia obshchnost,” available at [http://www.postsoviet.ru/print.php?pid#179].
See: A.A. Akunov, Gosudarstvennoe upravlenie Kyrgyzstana v tranzitnyy period, Bishkek, 1999.
See: A.A. Asankanov, O.J. Osmonov, Istoria Kyrgyzstana (s drevneyshikh vremen do nashikh dney), Bishkek, 2002,p. 474.
See: U. Chotonov, Suverennyy Kyrgyzstan: vybor istoricheskogo puti, Bishkek, 1996, pp. 83-87.
See: “Shans dlia Maksima, Adilia i Aydara,” AIF Kazakhstan, No. 38, 2010.
See: “Privatizirovali vse ili eshche chto ostalos?” Epokha, 5 May, 2004.
See: “Privatizirovali vse ili eshche chto ostalos?”
See: Z. Kudabaev, “Nekotorye itogi stanovlenia svobodnoi ekonomiki v Kirgizskoi Respublike,” Mirovaia ekonomi-ka i mezhdunarodnye otnoshenia, No. 2, 2005.
“Sovremennye preobrazovania na prostorakh SNG,” Delovaia gazeta, 23 May, 2008.
See: General information on the agrarian sector of Kyrgyzstan (see [http://www.centralasia-biz.com/cabiz/kirgizstan/grarny/abt_agrarny_kg.htm]).
See: State of agriculture in Kyrgyzstan (see [http://www.kazakh-zerno.kz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=27647:2010-12-04-04-12]).
A. Kniazev, “Natsionalnaia ideologiia Kirgizii voobshche ne mozhet byt pridumannoi,” available at [http://www.
centrasia.ru/newsA.php?st=1186519620], 8 August, 2007.
See: Strany i regiony mira v sovremennykh mezhdunarodnykh otnosheniiakh, ed. by M.S. Ashimbaev, A.Zh. Sho-manov, Institute of World Economy and Policy under the Foundation of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan,Almaty, 2006, p. 432.
See: “Sdelano mnogo,” Obshchestvennyy reyting, 2009.
K. Kulov, “Problemy zemlepolzovania v Kyrgyzstane,” De-fakto, 28 April, 2009.
See: M. Niazov, “U nas ostryy defitsit politicheskikh sil, sposobnykh vyvesti stranu iz krizisa,” Reporter-Bishkek,No. 16, 15 May, 2009, p. 4.
Ibidem.
Ibidem.
“Novyy shans vystroit’ Kyrgyzskuiu demokratiiu,” 30 April, 2010, available at [http://diesel.elcat.kg/lofiversion/index.php?t3884618.html].
See: G. Mikhailov, “Ekonomika Kirgizii okhvachena krizisom, odnako vlasti obeshchaiut neminuemoe protsvet-anie,” Nezavisimiaia gazeta, 29 October, 2009.
See: “Malye goroda Kyrgyzstana,” available at [http://municipalg.narod.ru/cc.htm].
See: “Avaria v Kyrgyzstane paralizovala Almaty,” Karavan, No. 16 (089), 17 April, 2009.
The Jamestown Foundation Center, available at [http://www.rursor.ru/article.aspx?id=8281].
“Chto eshche nam nuzhno sdelat?” Litsa, 29 July, 2010.
See: A. Prashchaeva, “Energeticheskie problemy Kyrgyzstana i puti ikh resheniia,” Nezavisimiy obozrevatel stranSodruzhestva, No. 5, 2010.
I. Artemov, “Rossia i Sredniaia Azia,” Nash sovremennik, No. 7, 1992, p. 142.
See: “Ferganskaia dolina,” Ekspress-Kazakhstan, 17 October, 1994.
E.V. Saliev, “V ‘Mertvoi petle’,” Oazis, No. 11, 2010.
N. Ayyp, “Kyrgyzstan mozhet byt ispolzovan ekstremistami kak baza dlia zavoevaniia vsei Ferganskoi doliny,”Kyrgyz Weekly, 19 January, 2005.
A. Kniazev, “Znakomye momenty vlasti,” AIF Kazakhstan, No. 16, 21-27 April, 2010, p. 7.
See: “Bishkek kak Noev kovcheg,” De-fakto, 22 October, 2009.
Z. Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard. American Primacy and its Geostrategic Imperatives, Basic Books, New York, 1997, p.130.
Zh. Baitelova, “Bunt tolpy ili volia naroda?” Information and Analytical Portal of the Republic, 9 April, 2010.
See: Statistics Yearbook of the Kyrgyz Republic, 2008, National Statistics Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic,Bishkek, 2008.
See: D.K. Osmonbetova, “Bednost v Kyrgyzstane i ee otrazhenie v pokazateliakh vodopotrebleniia,” Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta, Seriia 6, Ekonomika, No. 3, 2010, p. 66.
See: UNDP Report in Kyrgyzstan, 2010.
See: B.B. Esenalieva, “Sovremennyy rynok truda i trudovaia migratsiia v Kyrgyzstane,” Vecherniy Bishkek, 20 June,2009.
“Migranty vozvrashchaiutsia v Kyrgyzstan, kotory ne gotov ikh priniat,” Litsa, 4 May, 2009.
[http://www.centrasia.ru/newsA.php?st=1239680820].
“Chem zakonchitsia bunt v Kirgizii,” Komsomolskaia pravda, 9 April, 2010, p. 3.
“Gorkiy opyt sosedey,” Kazakhstanskaia pravda, 14 April, 2010.
A. Kniazev, Gosudarstvennyy perevorot 24 marta 2005 goda v Kirgizii, Bishkek, 2007, p. 161.
See: G. Mirzaian, “Kto potushit Ferganskuiu dolinu?” Ekspert, No. 24, 21 June, 2010.
See: I. Greenberg, “Between Uzbekistan and a Hard Place,” available at [http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/010/08/10/between_uzbekistan_and_a_hard_place].
Nezavisimaia gazeta, 26 June, 2010.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2011 AUTHOR
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
