THE CSTO, GUAM: RANSFORMATION OF THE POST-SOVIET AREA
Abstract
It is impossible to understand the structure of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)or GUAM (a regional organization comprising Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Moldova) out-side the framework of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and its evolution. On the one hand, since the breakup of the Soviet Union, the political elites of the newly independent states did not have a clear idea of how the CIS should develop. CIS documents only made general declarations about the need to get rid of the Soviet past and build relations on a new, “civilized” basis. On the other hand, the political elites in those states sought, as far as possible, to limit any interference in their domestic policies, which were aimed mainly at creating their own independent institutions of governance and administration.
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It is important to note in this context that Georgia joined the CIS not as a former Union republic but as a newly independent state with a different population and different state borders.
The CFE Treaty does not apply to the navy, strategic aviation, and nuclear weapons.
The agreement was signed in Istanbul on 19 November, 1999.
Uzbekistan suspended its participation in GUAM activities in 2002. Officially, President Islam Karimov only an-nounced the country’s withdrawal from GUAM in May 2005. A formal cause for that was “a substantial change in the Organization’s original purposes and goals.” On 29 December, 2005, Uzbekistan officially terminated the documents signed within the framework of GUUAM.
Nezavisimoe voennoe obozrenie, 1 February, 2008.
See: Vremia novostey, 20 December, 2006.
See: Voenno-promyshlenniy kurier, No. 1, 2008.
That was preceded by a number of other acts. In particular, a charter on special partnership, adopted in Madrid on 9 July, 1999, and a program of expanding Ukraine-NATO cooperation through 2001, approved by the Ukrainian presi-dent on 4 November, 1998.
However, the Moldovan president repeatedly stated that “Chisinau is not aspiring for NATO membership”
NewsInfo, 29 August, 2006).
According to the Regnum news agency.
See: Rossiiskaia gazeta, 24 May, 2006.
The Table is based on data from Vneshniaia torgovlia stran Sodruzhestva Nezavisimykh Gosudarstv 2006, Mos-cow, 2007, pp. 54-57.
See: RIA Novosti, 29 January, 2008.
See: Nezavisimoe voennoe obozrenie, 18 January, 2008.
See: Krasnaia zvezda, 16 May, 2007.
See: RIA Novosti, 8 October 2007.
See: Regnum, 11 January, 2008.
See: Voenno-promyshlenniy kurier, No. 46, 2007.
See: Krasnaia zvezda, 6 December, 2007.
See: Kommersant, 6 February, 2008.
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