URGENT PROBLEMS OF THE WESTERN CIRCASSIANS IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Keywords:
Shapsugs of the Black Sea coast, Olympic Games, the problem of the Circassian language, the International Circassian Association of Shapsugs, Adyge Khase, congress of the Muslims of Adigey, Kabardino-Balkaria, Islamic leaders, mufti of the Republic of Adigey and the Krasnodar Territory.Abstract
The author analyzes the most urgent problems of the Western Circassians (the Shapsugs of the Caucasian Black Sea coast and the Adighe of the Republic of Adigey) caused by the 2014 Winter Olympics in the Krasnodar Territory, as well as the religious context that took shape after the election of the new mufti of the Republic of Adigey in December 2012.
The article is based on ethnographic field polls carried out in areas populated by Western Circassians, leading the author to conclude that the government should pay more attention to the social, economic, and cultural problems of the Shapsugs of the Black Sea coastal area and concentrate on preventing Islamic radicalization in the Republic of Adigey.
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See: I.L. Babich, Problemy sokhranenia identichnosti shapsugov Prichernomoria v XXI v. Issledovania po prikladnoy i neotlozhnoy etnologii Series, Moscow, No. 213, 2009; I.L. Babich, “Prichernomorskie shapsugi: problemy sokhranenia kultury,” Filosofia, sotsiologia, kultura, No. 5, 2006, pp. 107-114.
Makopse, Golovinka, Psebe, Shkhafit, Akhintam, Bolshoy Kichmay, Maly Kichmay, Khajiko, Tkhagapsh, Bolshoe Pseushkho, Maloe Pseushkho, Tsypka, Aguy-Shapsug as well as Lazarevskoe, an urban-type settlement, and the cities of Tuapse and Sochi.
Ethnographic field materials of the author (further PEMA), Vol. 1, File 1, interview with A.Kh., the aul of Bolshoi Kichmay, 3 November, 2013.
[www.natpress.net].
PEMA, Vol. 1, File 1, interview with A.Kh., Bolshoy Kichmay, 2 November, 2013.
PEMA, Vol. 1, File 2, interview with A.G., Bolshoy Kichmay, 5 November, 2013.
See: PEMA, Vol. 1, File 1, interview with A.Kh., Bolshoy Kichmay, 3 November, 2013.
See: PEMA, Vol. 1, File 2, interview with A.G., Bolshoy Kichmay, 5 November, 2013.
See: PEMA, Vol. 1, File 3, interview with R.A.., Golovinka, 7 November, 2013.
See: PEMA, Vol. 1, File 2, interview with A.G., Bolshoy Kichmay, 5 November, 2013.
See: PEMA, Vol. 1, File 3, interview with P.A., Golovinka, 7 November, 2013.
See: Ibidem.
See: Ibidem.
See: “Neugasimy svet islama: Vozrozhdenie Islama v Respublike Adigey i Krasnodarskom krae,” in: TsPO Duk-
hovnoe upravlenie musulman RA i KK, ed. by N.M. Emizh, Kachestvo Ltd, Maykop, 2011, pp. 110-122.
See: A. Nibo, “Vozrazhdaia dukhovnost,” Shapsugia, No. 8, 2006.
See: PEMA, Vol. 1, File 3, interview with R.A., Golovinka, 7 November, 2013.
See: Ibidem.
See: “Sobranie musulman Chernomorskogo poberezhia,” Svet, newspaper of the SAM of RA and KT, No. 7 (65),2012.
See: Field materials of the author. The Lazarevskoe District of the Krasnodar Territory, 2007 (further PMA). Note-book 1, Inventory 1, File 1.
See: PMA, the Tuapse District of the Krasnodar Territory, 2007, Notebook 1, Inventory 2, File 10.
See: PEMA, Vol. 1, File 3, interview with R.A., Golovinka, 7 November, 2013.
See: I.L. Babich, Problemy sokhranenia identichnosti shapsugov Prichernomoria v XXI v., p. 23.
See: PEMA, Vol. 1, File 2, interview with A.G., Bolshoy Kichmay, 5 November, 2013.
See: Field materials gathered by the author. Congress of the Muslims of the RA and KT, 24 December 2012, Maykop,Republic of Adigey (further PZA).
See: “Sostoialsia ocherednoy s’ezd musulman Respubliki Adygea i Krasnodarskogo kraya,” Svet, No. 7 (65), 2012.
[www.adigea.aif.ru].
See: Field materials of the author, Republic of Adigey, Vol. 1, File 1, 25 November, 2012.
See: I.L. Babich, “Protestanskoe dvizhenie v Adygee,” in Khristianstvo na Severnom Kavkaze: istoria i sovremen-nost, ed. by I.L. Babich, L.T. Solovyeva, Moscow, 2011, pp. 162-185.
PZA, 24 December, 2012, Republic of Adigey.
See: I. Shkhalakhov, “Radikalizatsiia islama iskhodit ot malogramotnykh liudei,” Argumenty i fakty, 26 October,2013, available at [www.adigea.aif.ru].
See: I.L. Babich, “The Republic of Adigey: Islam and Society at the Turn of the Century,” Central Asia and the Caucasus, No. 6, 2004, p. 58.
See: I.L. Babich, Antropologia vlasti i Islam, Moscow, 2009; idem, “Sovremennye islamskie obshchiny v Kabardino-Balkarii,” Rossia i musulmansky mir, No. 7, 2003, pp. 48-61; idem, “Sovremennye islamskie dvizhenia v Kabardino-Balkarii,”in: I.L. Babich, A.A. Yarlykapov, Islamskoe vozrozhdenie v sovremennoy Kabardino-Balkarii, Moscow, 2003, pp. 76-112;I.L. Babich, Islam i pravo v Rossii, Islam i pravo v Rossii Series, ed. by I.L. Babich, L.T. Solovyeva, Moscow, 1994, Issue 1;Pravovoy status islama na Severnom Kavkaze. Kabardino-Balkaria. Adigey. Krasnodarskiy Kray, Islam i pravo v Rossii Se-ries, Issue 3.
See: I.P. Dobaev, V.I. Nemchina, Novy terrorism v mire i na yiuge Rossii, Rostov on Don, 2005, p. 48.
See: I.L. Babich, “Sovremennye islamskie obshchiny v Kabardino-Balkarii,” pp. 48-61; idem, “Sovremennye islam-skie dvizhenia v Kabardino-Balkarii,” pp. 76-112.
I. Shkhalakhov, op. cit.
See: Field ethnographic materials of the author. Republic of Adigey (further EMA), Vol. 1, File 2, 8 November, 2013,interview with A.K.
See: EMA, Vol. 1, File 1, 6 November, 2013, interview with R.Ts.
See: Svet, No. 3 (68), 2013.
See: A.A. Ignatenko, Islam i politika, Moscow, 2004, p. 22.
Ibid., p. 32
See: I.P. Dobaev, V.I. Nemchina, op. cit., p. 66.
See: Ibid., pp. 270-271.
See: R.Kh. Khanakhu, O.M. Tsvetkov, “Islamskaia obshchina v Adygee: vnutrenniaia dinamika i perspektivy evo-lutsii (po itogam sotsiologicheskogo issledovania),” Vestnik Adygeyskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, Issue 1 (92), 2012,pp. 132-138.
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