THE ADYGHE FACTOR IN THE ETHNOPOLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS

Authors

  • Oleg BUBENOK D.Sc. (Hist.), Professor, Head, Department of the Eurasian Steppe, the A. Krymsky Institute of Oriental Studies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kiev, Ukraine) Author

Keywords:

the Russo-Circassian War, the Winter Olympics, genocide, Adyghes, Adygeans, Shapsugs, Circassians, Kabardians, Adyghea, Karachaevo-Circassia, Kabardino-Balkaria, national republic, Adyghe Khase, repatriation.

Abstract

The 150th anniversary of the end of the Caucasian War, which caused havoc in the lives of the Circassians, coincided with the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi organized on the land where Circassians (Adyghes) had long lived. These two events revived an interest in the Circassian question and showed that the lacunae in the history of the Adyghe, making an unbiased approach to the issue, impossible should be filled with facts. Repatriation of the Circassians to the Caucasus and a unified Adyghe republic are impossible in Russia’s political reality. 

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References

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See: “Obrashchenie Adygov k ukrainskomu pravitelstvu,” available at [http://blog.i.ua/user/2805707/1425421/2015-02-04].

Ibidem.

“Stareyshiny Adyghei obratilis…,” available at [http://www.adigeatoday.ru/?article_id=11102 — 2015-02-04].

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See: R. Trakho, Cherkesy, Munich, 1956, Nalchik, 1992.

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See: Narody Kavkaza, Moscow, 1960, pp. 78-79.

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R. Trakho, op. cit., p. 11.

Ibid., p. 12.

Istoria narodov Severnogo Kavkaza s drevneyshikh vremen do kontsa XVIII v., Moscow, 1988, pp. 332-333.

R. Trakho, op. cit., p. 13.

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A. Namitok, “The ‘Voluntary’ Adherence of Kabarda (Eastern Circassia) to Russia,” Caucasian Review, Munich (CRM), No. 2, 1956, p. 17 ff.

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See: Ibidem.

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R. Trakho, op. cit., p. 14.

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See: Materialy po istorii osetinskogo naroda, Vol. II, Orjonikidze, 1942, p. 124.

See: Ibid., pp. 191-192.

See: B.V. Skitsky, “Ocherki po istorii osetinskogo naroda s drevneyshikh vremen do 1867 g.,” in: ISO NII, Vol. X,

Ordjonikidze, 1947, p. 151; Istoria Severo-Osetinskoy A.S.S.R., Vol. 1, p. 168; B.A. Kaloev, Osetiny, p. 65; Materialy po istorii osetinskogo naroda, Vol. II, pp. 279-280.

See: Istoria Kabardino-Balkarskoy A.S.S.R., Vol. 1, p. 233.

See: Ibid., p. 234; Narody Kavkaza, Vol. 1, Moscow, 1960, pp. 98-99.

See: Istoria Kabardino-Balkarskoy A.S.S.R., Vol. 1, pp. 196-208, 221, 234.

N. Shakhnazarian, Adyghi Krasnodarskogo kraia, Krasnodar, 2008, p. 14.

R. Trakho, op. cit., p. 28.

See: Ibid., p. 29.

R. Trakho, op. cit., p. 29.

See: M.M. Kuchukov, Natsionalnoe samosoznanie i mezhnatsionalnye otnoshenia, Nalchik, 1992, pp. 129-131.

See: Ibid., pp. 129-136.

See: Ibid., pp. 137, 139, 142, 146.

See: Ibid., pp. 172, 178-179.

See: Narody mira. Istoriko-etnografichesky spravochnik, Moscow, 1988, pp. 84, 192.

See: I.Kh. Kalmykov, Cherkesy. Istoriko-etnografichesky ocherk, Cherkessk, 1992, pp. 129-131.

See: Narody mira, pp. 203, 504.

I.Kh. Kalmykov, op. cit, p. 39.

Ibidem.

See: Ch.Ch. Kubov, “Sozdanie i ukreplenie sovetskoy gosudarstvennosti adygeyskogo naroda—voploshchenie v

zhizn leninskoy natsionalnoy politiki,” Uchenye zapiski Adygeyskogo NII, Vol. XV, Maykop, 1972, p. 54.

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Ustanovlenie sovetskoy vlasti i natsionalno-gosudarstvennoe stroitelstvo v Adyghee (1917-1923gg.), Maikop, 1980,p. 236.

See: Adyghea, p. 118.

See: Narody mira, p. 41.

See: N. Shakhnazarian, op. cit., pp. 7, 21-22.

See: Narody mira, pp. 41, 192, 504.

R. Trakho, op. cit., p. 34.

Ibid., p. 52.

[https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C0%E4%FB%E3%E82015-03-11].

See: K. Tishchenko, “The Linguistic-Historical Survey of the Caspian-Black Sea Region,” in: The Caspian-Black Sea Region: Conditions and Development Prospects. Materials of an International Conference, 26-28 June, 1998, Kiev, 1998, p.

(in Ukrainian).

See: R. Betrozov, Adyghi. Istoki etnosa, Nalchik, 1990, p. 117; Narody mira, pp. 192, 504.

See: Narody mira, pp. 41, 192, 504; N.G. Volkova, op. cit., p. 18.

See: Yu.V. Bromley, Ocherki teorii etnosa, Moscow, 1983, p. 56; L.N. Gumilev, Tysiacheletie vokrug Kaspia,Moscow, 1993, p. 333.

See: N.G. Volkova, op. cit., pp. 100-121.

See: T.P. Khlynina, “History, Politics and National Construction in the Northern Caucasus,” Historical and Political Science Studies, No. 4 (54), 2013, pp. 308-309 (in Ukrainian).

See: N. Shakhnazarian, op. cit., pp. 32-33.

T.P. Khlynina, op. cit., p. 310.

A. Shmulevich, “Cherkesskiy vopros,” available at [http://www.mesoeurasia.org/archives/120], 4 февраля 2015.

See: N. Nefliasheva, “Cherkesskoe natsionalnoe dvizhenie—rossiyskiy i mezhdunarodny contekst,” available at [http://georgiamonitor.org/detail.php?ID=255], 2 April, 2015.

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Published

2015-04-30

Issue

Section

ETHNICITIES AND ETHNIC RELATIONS

How to Cite

BUBENOK, O. (2015). THE ADYGHE FACTOR IN THE ETHNOPOLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS. CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS, 16(2), 131-143. https://ca-c.org/CAC/index.php/cac/article/view/1709

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